This thesis analyzes how the Catholic Church in Burundi used and can still use Catholic understanding of human rights to advocate for peace. Human rights discourse can be a way of translating the Catholic values of human dignity and human sacredness into secular language. Moreover, as Burundi is a signatory to most of the international instruments on human rights, this discourse becomes a tool for the Catholic Church in Burundi to denounce the violation and abuse of human rights and to advocate for peace.